Flora and Fauna of Seymour township, "Trent Hills" area, southeast Ontario

REPRESENTATIVE FLORA AND FAUNA OF SEYMOUR TOWNSHIP,
NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY, SOUTHEASTERN ONTARIO

Summary

Here is a token, partial, and (caveat!) amateur listing of the native flora and fauna of Seymour township, the bird life excepted (see separate bird list with at least 117 species of bird), with some 281 species identified, a steady advance on the 114 first listed in 2004. Five more species reported by third parties are listed in italics (see CBCA records, below) for a township running-total of 403 species, as of 14 January 2012. Numerous additional species are on record, e.g., spring wild flowers in Ferris park. As with the associated bird list, the degree to which this compilation reflects the natural history of the township is bound to be biased by the relative skills and interests of the compiler vis-a-vis the various classes of living things. There is also a geographic (and thus ecosystem) bias towards frequent haunts in the township, which include:

The town of Campbellford
The Trent river valley, including Ferris provincial park
Trout Creek watershed west of Campbellford
The Crowe Bridge conservation area in the Crowe river valley
The Seymour conservation area south of town

There are plenty of gaps: ferns and mosses for example. Fish barely feature here either, but not for lack of fish - sport fishing is a popular seasonal pastime!

Above: two local botanical sights. Left: a large clump of mauve bergamot , one of the prettiest and most aromatic flowers of the summer season, seen growing in a rough trail verge, July 2006. Right: Queen Anne's lace (flower head some 8 cm wide), a tall, delicate plant which is very prominent in July and August.

The first list includes 127 species of wild flowers and nonflowering plants, including grasses. 56 of these were identified in the period 21 May to 25 August 2004, at the start of this project. They are presented in a crude alphabetical order, not arranged by any botanical taxonomy.

Note that these lists are based on observations far less-detailed and extensive than for the birds. There are many more species of flowers, grasses, fungi, trees and animals in the region than recorded here: these are merely some of the more obvious examples.

The spring and early summer of 2004 was relatively mild and wet, culminating in a destructive flood in the city of Peterborough on 15 July, brought about by the fall of some 170 to 200 mm of rain in a 24-hour period. The unusual summer contributed to a very fine display of wildflowers. On 21 July, at least 32 of the flower species on this list were easy to find, some (such as white sweet-clover and great mullein) close to 2 metres in height. The first half of 2008 was marked by a relatively long snowy winter, with a brief hot spell in early April followed by a slow spring period extending into June, and finally a rapid spurt of plant growth into July. The rain kept stream levels high, vegetation lush, and so it was no surprise to see at least 36 species of wildflowers on a short walk on 10 August.

Seymour and CBCA Species Lists: The Crowe Bridge Conservation Area

This compilation is being updated at frequent intervals. You may want to print a copy and then check off / add species for yourself. The "List" column includes "C" entries that refer to the Crowe Bridge Conservation Area (CBCA). For a related slide-show on the natural history of this beautiful and interesting 10-hectare area in the valley of the Crowe River, see the 6.33-MB, third-edition PowerPoint presentation flagged (in .pdf format) at the Save the Crowe web site. The information on CBCA included in that on-line show was collected in 2007 and 2008, and later extended and updated into October 2010.

The Crowe Bridge Conservation Area list includes at least 140 species: 64 species of flowering and non-flowering plants; 32 birds; 22 trees and shrubs; 18 assorted mammals, reptiles and amphibians, insects, molluscs and crustaceans, and 4 fungi. A more inclusive CBCA list would also include small frogs and small (5-cm-long) thin fish (fingerlings) which are olive-green with orange and black markings near the tail (juvenile trout?) and bottom-dwelling fish up to 6" (15 cm) in length [see below for the note on fish species reported at nearby Hastings on the Trent River upstream from the mouth of the Crowe].

The new CBCA list is very much a work in progress: as of 31 August 2008 it already contained 35% of all species noted in Seymour township, including 60% of the flowers but just 16% of the birds. The eagle, bat and salamander, Dobson fly (shown in italics), milk snake and pileated woodpecker at CBCA were variously reported by the Humphries family and Lisa Winegarden, the salamander documented by photos in August 2008. The Humphries also noted a family of foxes on site in 2009. The crayfish (a large individual, 10 cm long) was discovered by Fran Manns in August 2010. The CBCA roster, as of 15 January 2012, includes 141/403 (35%) of all species on the township lists, in just 0.033 percent of the township land area. This little list is doubtless not unique in Trent Hills but, combined with the geological features of the conservation area, argues for preserving CBCA for future generations, and avoiding inappropriate development.

To aid biological census-taking at CBCA, all species noted there are flagged here (C); the under-represented birds are listed separately at the end of this compilation.

Above: two wild flower images from the Crowe Bridge conservation area (CBCA) in July 2010. Left: white boneset flanked by yellow swamp sunflower (common sneezeweed), a pair often found by the water's edge. Right: Berries of false Solomon's seal which will turn all red within a few days. An identical plant and ripening berries were noted at Seymour conservation area on 20 August 2011.

Flora of Seymour Township

English Latin Notes / Alternative Names List

Yellow adder's-tongue Erythronium americanum trout-lily C

Alfalfa Medicago sativa C

Hoary alyssum Berteroa incana C

Canada anemone Anemone canadensis C

Great angelica Angelica atropurpurea purple-stemmed angelica

Wild asparagus Asparagus officinalis

Lindley's aster Symphotrichum ciliolatum fringed aster, Aster ciliolatum

Heath aster Symphotrichum ericoides

Large-leaved aster Eurybia macrophylla

New England aster Symphyotrichum novae-angliae C

Panicled aster Symphyotrichum lanceolatum tall white aster C

Hairy beard-tongue Penstemon hirsutus hairy penstemon C

Beech drops Epifagus virginiana parasitic on beech roots

Nodding beggar-ticks Bidens cernuus sticktight

Wild bergamot Monarda fistulosa a fragrant herb of the mint family C

Field bindweed Convolvulus arvensis

Hedge bindweed Convolvulus sepium Calystegia sepium

Blueweed Echium vulgare common viper's bugloss C

Bouncing Bet Saponaria officinalis soap wort C

Virgin's bower Clematis virginiana a twining vine

Bracken Pteridium aquilinum C

Lesser burdock Arctium minus

Butter-and-eggs Linaria vulgaris toadflax C

Meadow buttercup Ranunculus acris tall buttercup C

Bladder campion Silene cucubalus Silene vulgaris, rattleweed, cow-bell C

White campion Silene latifolia evening lychnis, white robin

Cardinal flower Lobelia cardinalis C

Catnip Nepeta cataria herb, source of tea

Common cattail Typha latifolia

Common chicory Cichorium intybus C

Sulphur cinquefoil Potentilla recta yellow cinquefoil C

Alsike clover Trifolium hybridum

Red clover Trifolium pratense C

Wild columbine Aquilegia canadensis attracts hummingbirds, butterflies, bumblebees

Pink corydalis Corydalis sempervirens pale corydalis

Purple crown-vetch Coronilla varia

Prickly cucumber Echinocystis lobata wild cucumber

Oxeye daisy Leucanthemum vulgare Chrysanthemum leucanthemum C

Common dandelion Taraxacum officinale

Orange daylily Hemerocallis fulva C

Spreading dogbane Apocynum androsaemifolium

Doll's-eyes Actaea pachypoda white baneberry C

Elecampane Inula helenium one of almost 600 species of aster

Common evening-primrose Oenothera biennis C

Christmas fern Polystichum acrostichoides Dryopteris acrostichoides

Rattlesnake fern Botrychium virginianum Virginia grape fern

Canada fleabane Conyza canadensis horseweed

Daisy fleabane Erigeron annuus annual fleabane

Philadelphia fleabane Erigeron philadelphicus C

Bottle gentian Gentiana andrewsii closed gentian C

Goat's-beard Tragopogon dubius a very distinctive aster C

Blue-stem goldenrod Solidago caesia wreath goldenrod

Canada goldenrod Solidago canadensis

Rough-stemmed goldenrod Solidago rugosa C

Grass-leaved goldenrod Euthamia graminifolia Solidago graminifolia C

Frost grape Vitis riparia wild grape C

Common blue-eyed-grass Sisyrinchium montanum member of iris family

Harebell Campanula rotundifolia C

Orange hawkweed Hieracium aurantiacum C

Yellow hawkweed Hieracium caespitosum king devil C

Sharp-lobed hepatica Anemone acutiloba sharp-lobed liverleaf C

Water horsetail Equisetum fluviatile

Blue flag iris Iris versicolor C

Poison ivy Toxicodendron radicans poison oak C

Boneset Eupatorium perfoliatum C

Spotted Joe-Pye weed Eupatorium maculatum C

Spotted knapweed Centauria biebersteinii C

Prickly lettuce Lactuca serriola

Purple loosestrife Lythrum salicaria C

Marsh marigold Caltha palustris cowslip

Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum

Swamp milkweed Asclepias incarnata C

Common milkweed Asclepias syriaca

Wild mint Mentha arvensis field mint C

Square-stemmed monkey-flower Mimulus ringens C

Great mullein Verbascum thapsus C

Wild mustard Sisymbrium altissimum tumbleweed mustard; tumble mustard; tall tumble mustard C

Bittersweet nightshade Solanum dulcamara climbing nightshade C

Wild parsnip Pastinaca sativa

Common water-parsnip Sium suave fragrant water-parsnip C

Wild pea Vicia cracca bird vetch; tufted vetch; cow vetch C

Wall pepper Sedum acre stonecrop

Blue phlox Phlox divaricata

Deptford pink Dianthus armeria C

Common plantain Plantago major broadleaf plantain

Nodding plumeless-thistle Carduus nutans

Wild pumpkin Cucurbita foetidissima or similar - introduced (?)

Field pussytoes Antennaria neglecta C

Queen Anne's lace Daucus carota C

Common ragweed Ambrosia artemisiifolia rather small and low-key here, mostly <50 cm high C

White rattlesnake-root Prenanthes alba white lettuce

Dame's rocket Hesperis matronalis old-fashioned phlox

Pasture rose Rosa carolina C

Veiny meadow-rue Thalictrum venulosum C

Smooth scouring rush Equisetum laevigatum

St. Johns wort Hypericum perforatum C

Wild sarsaparilla Aralia nudicaulis member of ginseng family

Self-heal Prunella vulgaris heal-all C

Common silverweed Argentina anserina Potentilla anserina

Pale smartweed Polygonum lapathifolium C

False Solomon's seal Maianthemum racemosum false spikenard

Perennial sow-thistle Sonchus arvensis

Common speedwell Veronica officinalis common gypsyweed

Wild strawberry Fragaria virginiana Virginia strawberry

Annual sunflower Helianthus annuus

Rough woodland sunflower Helianthus divaricatus C

Swamp sunflower Helenium autumnale common sneezeweed C

Black-eyed susan Rudbeckia hirta

White sweet-clover Melilotus alba C

Yellow sweet-clover Melilotus officinalis

Common tansy Tanacetum vulgare

Bull thistle Cirsium vulgare C

Thimbleweed Anemone cylindrica long-headed anemone C

Tall thimbleweed Anemone virginiana tall anemone

Canada thistle Cirsium arvense C

Spotted touch-me-not Impatiens capensis spotted jewelweed

Bird's-foot trefoil Lotus corniculatus member of the pea family C

Red trillium Trillium erectum purple trillium; wake-robin

Snow trillium Trillium grandiflorum large white trillium C

Twinleaf Jeffersonia diphylla

Yellow violet Viola pubescens

Swamp vervain Verbena hastata

Small-leaved watercress Nasturtium microphyllum

Hairy willowherb Epilobium hirsutum

Common yarrow Achillea millefolium a fragrant herb C

Grasses (7 species)

Timothy grass Phleum pratense

Green foxtail Setaria viridis foxtail millet, pigeon grass

Red top grass Agrostis sp, bentgrass

Witchgrass Panicum capillare panic grass. hair grass, tickle grass, tumble grass

Smooth crab grass Digitaria ischaemum

Kalm's brome Bromus kalmii prairie bromegrass, wild chess

Smooth brome Bromus inermis brome grass

Mushrooms and fungi (28 species)

Fairy butter Dacrymyces palmatus one of the jelly fungi C

Common morel Morchella esculenta

Shaggy mane Coprinus comatus

Mica cap Coprinus micaceus

Daedaleopsis Daedaleopsis confragosa a bracket fungus

Giant puffball Calvatia gigantea C

Winter mushroom Flammulina velutipes

Club-footed clitocybe Clitocybe clavipes C

Comb tooth fungus Hericium americanum Hericium coralloides, coral hydnum C

Cedar-apple rust Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae

Tar spot fungus Rhytisma acinerum found on Norway maples

and (see footnote) at Ferris Park, 02 October 2011

Schizophyllum Schizophyllum commune world's most widely-distributed mushroom

Deadly galerina Galerina autumnalis

Wolf's-milk slime Lycogala epidendron toothpaste slime

Tree ear fungus Auricularia auricula ear fungus

Black witches' butter Exidia glandulosa

Polypore Polyporus mori

Cortinarius Cortinarius alboviolaceous

Hen of the Woods Grifola frondosa

Hebeloma Hebeloma crustuliniforme

Honey mushroom Armillariella mellea group

Turkey tail Trametes versicolor a bracelet fungus

Purple-toothed polyphore Trichaptum biforme

Birch polypore Piptoporus betulinus razor-strop fungus, a bracelet fungus

Soapy tricholoma Tricholoma saponaceum

Hypoxylon Hypoxylon fragiforme

Phlebia Phlebia radiata a crust fungus on dead wood

Dead man's fingers Xylaria polymorpha

Note, the 17 species above were identified on south-facing slopes in northern Ferris Park , in the course on an hour's walk organized by the Friends of Ferris and led by author Jan Thornhill , well-known creator of a series of children's nature books on environmental themes. Not counted were a tooth fungus (already listed), and at least ten other species that evaded the compiler. This confirms my suspicion that for every species I find on my own here, there are probably two (birds) or indeed many species that would be evident to a real expert! This list is just a glimpse of our natural surroundings. Many thanks to Jan Thornhill and Friends of Ferris for this eye-opener - back to the woods with my new copy of Barron (1999) [see references at end].

Above: two local botanical (well, mycological) wonders. Left: A thin-stemmed example of a fine gilled mushroom, a (?) club-footed clitocybe, growing in a moist garden location in Campbellford on 20 August 2011. The mushroom is delicate, with a gently concave top, the gills extending down the stalk. Right: this outlandish object, roughly 5 cm in width, is an example of cedar-apple rust, investing a small red-cedar tree in May 2010. The jelly-like horns or "telia" grow from a woody gall and serve to propagate the spores of the fungus. This rust affects red cedar and common juniper, but not white cedar.

The 51 species of trees and shrubs listed below include some beautiful examples, easily accessible to visitors in such areas as the Rotary Trail around the canal in Campbellford, on the hills of nearby Ferris park, and the conservation areas of Seymour and Crowe Bridge. A few of these are notable for being near the northern edge of their range, such as the northern catalpa and smokebush. Thanks to Irwin Kennedy and Jim Connor for pointing out some of these in Ferris park!

Trees of Seymour Township `

English Latin Notes / Alternative Names List

Tag alder Alnus incana rugosa speckled alder, grey alder, hoary alder

Black ash Fraxinus nigra

Mountain ash Sorbus aucuparia

White ash Fraxinus americana

Red ash Fraxinus pennsylvanica

Common prickly-ash Zanthoxylum americanum spiny shrub

Quaking aspen Populus tremuloides trembling aspen C

Bigtooth aspen Populus grandidentata largetooth aspen C

Japanese barberry Berberis thunbergii common barberry

American basswood Tilia americana a linden C

American beech Fagus grandifolia

Paper birch Betula papyrifera canoe birch, white birch C

Climbing bittersweet Celastrus scandens

American bladdernut Staphylea trifolia C

Butternut Juglans cinerea white walnut

Northern catalpa Catalpa speciosa

Western redcedar Juniperus virginiana C

Northern white cedar Thuja occidentalis C

Eastern cottonwood Populus deltoides a poplar

Alternate-leaf dogwood Cornus alternifolia pagoda dogwood

Red-osier dogwood Cornus stolonifera C

American elder Sambucus canadensis C

American elm Ulmus americana C

Chinese elm Ulmus parviflora

Slippery elm Ulmus rubra C

Ginkgo Ginkgo biloba oriental ornamental import

Eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis C

Bitternut hickory Carya cordiformis swamp hickory

Shagback hickory Carya ovata C

Hobblebush Viburnum alnifolium clusters of small fruits on red stems C

Fly honeysuckle Lonicera canadensis C

Ironwood Ostrya virginiana eastern hophornbeam

Common juniper Juniperus communis dwarf juniper C

Common lilac Syringa vulgaris

Black locust Robinia pseudoacacia

Norway maple Acer platanoides

Silver maple Acer saccharinum C

Sugar maple Acer saccharum C

Manitoba maple Acer negundo boxelder, box-elder, ashleaf maple

Bur oak Quercus macrocarpa C

Chinquapin oak Quercus muehlenbergii chinkapin oak, yellow chestnut oak

Northern red oak Quercus rubra C

Red pine Pinus resinosa

Eastern white pine Pinus stroba C

Balsam poplar Populus balsamifera

Smokebush Cotinus coggygria

Blue spruce Picea pungens introduced, ornamental species

White spruce Picea glauca C

Staghorn sumac Rus typhina C

Black walnut Juglans nigra

Weeping willow Salix babylonica import from China, popular worldwide

Above: two vignettes of local trees. Left: a cone with the twisted, paired needles of red pine, seen in November 2009. Right: the damage down the trunk of an American cottonwood, caused by a lightning strike in July 2004. The track of the electricity, in its incredibly short and intense passage to ground, has stripped the bark from the tree, one of a noble line of cottonwoods planted on the west bank of the canal near the time of its completion some 85 years earlier. These gentle giants are now succumbing to age, but happily the Municipality is planting new trees to replace the old, along Grand Road in Campbellford. Those interested in seeing what lightning can do to soil, sand and rock can look at the first of four pages on this site devoted to fulgurites, natural glasses formed by melting induced by lightning.

The third table lists some 22 mammals, 14 reptiles and amphibians, and a token start on the list of butterflies, moths and other insects (all of 32 species, 11 of them butterflies), plus an Asian fish, "an humble mollusc" and a crustacean. The small-footed bat and the salamander have been reported from the CBCA. Currently unlisted / unidentified critters are easy to pick out by their absence in the catalogue: native fish, tiny and medium-sized ants, spiders, black maple leafspot fungus, flies and worms, for a start! The Monarch butterfly is a welcome seasonal visitor: look for it near milkweed plants in the later summer and autumn.

Fish species are something of a mystery to me: it seems reasonable to think that the Trent downstream through Campbellford, and the lowest reaches of the Crowe River, contain much the same fish populations as the Trent at Hastings. In an article on fishing at Hastings, Cecilia Nasmith (2012) notes the popularity and economic importance of fishing in the town. She quotes the following fish species: muskie, pickerel, small-mouth bass, large-mouth bass, catfish, perch, crappie and bluegill. The article was spurred by the World Fishing Network's naming of Hastings as the Number 5 fishing spot in all Canada (Chapleau came first, then Port Colborne, Port Renfrew, Port Hardy and Hastings).
Fauna of Seymour Township C >

English Latin Notes / Alternative Names List

Mammals

Little brown bat Myotis lucifugus

Eastern small-footed bat Myotis leibii C

Black bear Ursus americanus

Beaver Castor canadensis C

Porcupine Erethizon dorsatum

Striped skunk Mephitis mephitis

Eastern chipmunk Tamias striatus C

Coyote Canis latrans most often detected by its scat

White-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus C

Ermine Mustela erminea short-tailed weasel

River otter Lontra canadensis C

Mink Mustela vison

Red fox Vulpes vulpes C

Eastern cottontail rabbit Sylvilagus floridanus C

Groundhog Marmota monax woodchuck

Deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus

Short-tailed shrew Blarina brevicauda

Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus

Raccoon Procyon lotor

Grey squirrel Sciurus carolinensis

Red squirrel Tamiasciurus hudsonicus

Meadow vole Microtus pennsylvanicus field mouse

Reptiles and Amphibians

Common garter snake Thamnophis sirtalis

Milk snake Lampropeltis triangulum C

Northern water snake Nerodia sipedon C

Midland chorus frog Pseudacris triseriata

Northern spring peeper Pseudacris crucifer Hyla crucifer C

Northern leopard frog Rana pipiens (green & brown* forms, **cf.* pickerel frog)

Wood frog Rana sylvatica

Green frog Rana clamitans

Common toad Bufo woodhousei

Midland painted turtle Chrysemis picta C

Snapping turtle Chelydra serpentina

Blanding's turtle Emydoidea blandingii seen in 2005

Blue-spotted salamander Ambystoma laterale C

Eastern red-backed salamander Plethodon cinereus

Fish

Carp Cyprinus carpio

Insects

Butterflies

European cabbage butterfly Pieris rapne

Wood nymph Cercyonis pegala

Monarch butterfly Danaus plexippus

Mourning cloak Nymphalis antiopa

White admiral Limenitis arthemis arthemis

Alfalfa butterfly Colias eurytheme orange sulphur

Clouded sulphur butterfly Colias philodice

American copper Lycaena phlaeas

Silver-spotted skipper Epargyreus clarus

Giant swallowtail Papilio crespontes

Canadian tiger swallowtail Papilio canadensis

Miscellaneous

Black-winged damselfly Agrion maculatum Calopteryx maculata

Band-winged meadowhawk dragonfly Sympetrum semicinctum C

Honeybee Apis mellifera

Yellowjacket wasp Vespula maculifrons

Eastern boxelder bug Boisea trivittata

Multicoloured Asian ladybeetle Harmonia axyridis ladybug, variable. e.g., orange with 16 spots

June beetle Phyllophaga fervida May beetle

American tent caterpillar Malacosoma americana C

Woolly bear caterpillar Isia isabella Isabella tiger moth

Common house centipede Scutigera coleoptrata

Millipede Narceus, sp.

Woodlouse Porcellio laevis "pillbug"

Silverfish Lespisma saccharina (Linnaeus) "carpet shark"

Dobson fly Corydalis cornutus C

Pennsylvania firefly Photuris pennsylvanica C

Black carpenter ant Camponotus pennsylvanicus

European mantis Mantis religiosa

Carolina grasshopper Dissosteira carolina road duster grasshopper

Gall fly Eurosta solidaginis freeze-tolerant larval galls on goldenrod

Deer fly Chrysops, sp.

Mosquito Culex, sp.

Molluscs

Freshwater mussel genus Unionidae river mussels C

Crustaceans

Eastern crayfish Cambarus bartonii C

Above: two beautiful flying "bugs" photographed in the first week of August 2011. Left: band-winged meadowhawk dragonfly on purple loosestrife at the Crowe Bridge Conservation Area (CBCA). Right: A giant swallowtail butterfly taking a brief rest from its powerful flight along a trail just west of Campbellford.

The following is a token bird list for the CBCA - given time, it can surely be proved that most or all of the birds on the Seymour Township bird list are present here on a seasonal or year-round basis.

Preliminary bird list for Crowe Bridge Conservation Area
Bird Species of CBCA

English Latin French Alternative Names

Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus Cormoran à aigrettes

Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias Grand héron
Canada Goose Branta canadensis Bernache canadienne

Mallard Anas platyrhynchos Canard colvert Canard malard

Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula Garrot à oeil d'or Garrot commun

Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura Urubu à tête rouge Vautour à tête rouge

Osprey 1999-2008 Pandion haliaetus L'aigle pêcheur Balbuzard

Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus L'aigle à tête blanche

American Kestrel Falco sparverius Crécerelle américaine Sparrow hawk

Ruffed Grouse Bonasa umbellus Gelinotte huppée

Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis Goéland à bec cerclé

Feral Pigeon Columba livia Pigeon biset Rock dove; Domestic pigeon

Belted Kingfisher Ceryle alcyon Martin-pêcheur Megaceryle alcyon

Downy Woodpecker Picoides pubescens Pic mineur Dendrocopos pubescens

Hairy Woodpecker 1999-2011 Picoides villosus Pic chevelu Dendrocopos villosus

Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus Pic flamboyant Yellow-shafted flicker; Pic doré

Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopus pileatus Grand pic

Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens Pioui de l'Est Eastern pewee

Eastern Phoebe Sayornis phoebe Moucherolle phébi

Great Crested Flycatcher Myiarchus crinitus Tyran huppé Moucherolle huppé

Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus Tyran tritri

Cedar Waxwing 1999-2011 Bombycilla cedrorum Jaseur des cèdres

Grey Catbird Dumetella carolinensis Moqueur chat Moqueur polyglotte

American Robin Turdus migratorius Merle d'Amérique Merle américain

Black-capped Chickadee Parus atricapillus Mésange à tête noire

White-breasted Nuthatch 1999-2011 Sitta carolinensis Sittelle à poitrine blanche

Red-eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus Viréo aux yeux rouges

Common Grackle Quiscalus quiscula Mainate bronzé Bronzed grackle

American Goldfinch Carduelis tristis Chardonneret jaune Spinus tristis

European Starling Sturnus vulgaris Étourneau sansonnet

Blue Jay 1999-2007 Cyanocitta cristata Geai bleu

American Crow Corvus brachyrhynchos Corneille américaine Common crow

Footnote

The following books were used for the identifications presented above. All are very helpful in their fields: Farrar's handbook of trees is especially remarkable. A combination of the books, providing both photographs and line drawings, provides the most efficient means of identifying a particular species.
References

Alex,JF and Switzer,CM (1982) Ontario Weeds. Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Toronto, OMAF Publication 505, 208pp.

Barron,G (1999) Mushrooms of Ontario & Eastern Canada. Lone Pine Publishing, Edmonton, 336pp. [relevant to Ontario, Quebec, maritime Canada and north-central to northeastern U.S.A., from Minnesota to Illinois, Maryland, New York and Maine].

Brockman,CF and Merrilees,R (1979) Trees of North America. Golden Press, New York, 280pp.

Clarke,R (2003) To Know This Place: The Black Oak Savanna / Tallgrass Prairie of Alderville First Nation. Sweetgrass Studios, Alderville First Nation, Roseneath, Ontario, 41pp.

Dickinson,T, Metsger,D, Bull,J and Dickinson,R (2004) Wildflowers of Ontario. Royal Ontario Museum / McClelland & Stewart, Toronto, 416pp.

Farrar,JL (1995) Trees in Canada. Fitzhenry & Whiteside Limited, Markham, Ontario / Canadian Forest Service, 502pp.

Fisher,C, Joynt,A and Brooks,RJ (2007) Reptiles and Amphibians of Canada. Lone Pine Publishing, Edmonton, 208pp.

Hosie,RC (1973) Native Trees of Canada. Canadian Forestry Service, 380pp. (reprinting of 1969 original).

Kershaw,L (2002) Ontario Wildflowers: 101 Wayside Flowers. Lone Pine Publishing, Edmonton, 144pp.

Nasmith,C (2012) Hastings ranks in top five fishing comunities. Community Press, p.27, 05 January.

Noxon,P (2002) Field, Forest, Hedgerow. A Hiker's Wildflower Guide for Prince Edward County. Published by Court Noxon, Box 69, Bloomfield, Ontario K0K 1G0, 126pp.

Wernert,SJ (editor) (1982) North American Wildlife. Reader's Digest, 576pp.

Extra on-line reference help:

Andy's Northern Ontario Wildflower

Connecticut Botanical Society

Ontario Wildflowers

Ontario Grasses, Sedges & Rushes

Integrated Taxonomic Information System

Ontario Bats (notes and range maps on nine species)

Toronto Zoo - Frogs and Toads of Ontario

Toronto Zoo - Turtles of Ontario / Turtle Tally

Toronto Zoo - Salamanders of Ontario

Whats That Bug? (excellent photographs of beautiful to downright weird beasties)

Butterflies and Moths of North America

Regional Lists of Ontario Odonata (Damselflies & Dragonflies)

Ontario Odonata Atlas (Damselflies & Dragonflies)

George Barron's web site on Fungi (University of Guelph)

and lastly,

A walk in Ferris Park -
a 2-page guide to the park, as seen in early October 2010 (68 kb pdf file)

Graham Wilson, 20 July 2004 / last revised 15 January 2012

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English	Latin	Notes / Alternative Names	List
Yellow adder's-tongue	Erythronium americanum	trout-lily	C
Alfalfa	Medicago sativa		C
Hoary alyssum	Berteroa incana		C
Canada anemone	Anemone canadensis		C
Great angelica	Angelica atropurpurea	purple-stemmed angelica
Wild asparagus	Asparagus officinalis
Lindley's aster	Symphotrichum ciliolatum	fringed aster, Aster ciliolatum
Heath aster	Symphotrichum ericoides
Large-leaved aster	Eurybia macrophylla
New England aster	Symphyotrichum novae-angliae		C
Panicled aster	Symphyotrichum lanceolatum	tall white aster	C
Hairy beard-tongue	Penstemon hirsutus	hairy penstemon	C
Beech drops	Epifagus virginiana	parasitic on beech roots
Nodding beggar-ticks	Bidens cernuus	sticktight
Wild bergamot	Monarda fistulosa	a fragrant herb of the mint family	C
Field bindweed	Convolvulus arvensis
Hedge bindweed	Convolvulus sepium	Calystegia sepium
Blueweed	Echium vulgare	common viper's bugloss	C
Bouncing Bet	Saponaria officinalis	soap wort	C
Virgin's bower	Clematis virginiana	a twining vine
Bracken	Pteridium aquilinum		C
Lesser burdock	Arctium minus
Butter-and-eggs	Linaria vulgaris	toadflax	C
Meadow buttercup	Ranunculus acris	tall buttercup	C
Bladder campion	Silene cucubalus	Silene vulgaris, rattleweed, cow-bell	C
White campion	Silene latifolia	evening lychnis, white robin
Cardinal flower	Lobelia cardinalis		C
Catnip	Nepeta cataria	herb, source of tea
Common cattail	Typha latifolia
Common chicory	Cichorium intybus		C
Sulphur cinquefoil	Potentilla recta	yellow cinquefoil	C
Alsike clover	Trifolium hybridum
Red clover	Trifolium pratense		C
Wild columbine	Aquilegia canadensis	attracts hummingbirds, butterflies, bumblebees
Pink corydalis	Corydalis sempervirens	pale corydalis
Purple crown-vetch	Coronilla varia
Prickly cucumber	Echinocystis lobata	wild cucumber
Oxeye daisy	Leucanthemum vulgare	Chrysanthemum leucanthemum	C
Common dandelion	Taraxacum officinale
Orange daylily	Hemerocallis fulva		C
Spreading dogbane	Apocynum androsaemifolium
Doll's-eyes	Actaea pachypoda	white baneberry	C
Elecampane	Inula helenium	one of almost 600 species of aster
Common evening-primrose	Oenothera biennis		C
Christmas fern	Polystichum acrostichoides	Dryopteris acrostichoides
Rattlesnake fern	Botrychium virginianum	Virginia grape fern
Canada fleabane	Conyza canadensis	horseweed
Daisy fleabane	Erigeron annuus	annual fleabane
Philadelphia fleabane	Erigeron philadelphicus		C
Bottle gentian	Gentiana andrewsii	closed gentian	C
Goat's-beard	Tragopogon dubius	a very distinctive aster	C
Blue-stem goldenrod	Solidago caesia	wreath goldenrod
Canada goldenrod	Solidago canadensis
Rough-stemmed goldenrod	Solidago rugosa		C
Grass-leaved goldenrod	Euthamia graminifolia	Solidago graminifolia	C
Frost grape	Vitis riparia	wild grape	C
Common blue-eyed-grass	Sisyrinchium montanum	member of iris family
Harebell	Campanula rotundifolia		C
Orange hawkweed	Hieracium aurantiacum		C
Yellow hawkweed	Hieracium caespitosum	king devil	C
Sharp-lobed hepatica	Anemone acutiloba	sharp-lobed liverleaf	C
Water horsetail	Equisetum fluviatile
Blue flag iris	Iris versicolor		C
Poison ivy	Toxicodendron radicans	poison oak	C
Boneset	Eupatorium perfoliatum		C
Spotted Joe-Pye weed	Eupatorium maculatum		C
Spotted knapweed	Centauria biebersteinii		C
Prickly lettuce	Lactuca serriola
Purple loosestrife	Lythrum salicaria		C
Marsh marigold	Caltha palustris	cowslip
Mayapple	Podophyllum peltatum
Swamp milkweed	Asclepias incarnata		C
Common milkweed	Asclepias syriaca
Wild mint	Mentha arvensis	field mint	C
Square-stemmed monkey-flower	Mimulus ringens		C
Great mullein	Verbascum thapsus		C
Wild mustard	Sisymbrium altissimum	tumbleweed mustard; tumble mustard; tall tumble mustard	C
Bittersweet nightshade	Solanum dulcamara	climbing nightshade	C
Wild parsnip	Pastinaca sativa
Common water-parsnip	Sium suave	fragrant water-parsnip	C
Wild pea	Vicia cracca	bird vetch; tufted vetch; cow vetch	C
Wall pepper	Sedum acre	stonecrop
Blue phlox	Phlox divaricata
Deptford pink	Dianthus armeria		C
Common plantain	Plantago major	broadleaf plantain
Nodding plumeless-thistle	Carduus nutans
Wild pumpkin	Cucurbita foetidissima	or similar - introduced (?)
Field pussytoes	Antennaria neglecta		C
Queen Anne's lace	Daucus carota		C
Common ragweed	Ambrosia artemisiifolia	rather small and low-key here, mostly <50 cm high	C
White rattlesnake-root	Prenanthes alba	white lettuce
Dame's rocket	Hesperis matronalis	old-fashioned phlox
Pasture rose	Rosa carolina		C
Veiny meadow-rue	Thalictrum venulosum		C
Smooth scouring rush	Equisetum laevigatum
St. Johns wort	Hypericum perforatum		C
Wild sarsaparilla	Aralia nudicaulis	member of ginseng family
Self-heal	Prunella vulgaris	heal-all	C
Common silverweed	Argentina anserina	Potentilla anserina
Pale smartweed	Polygonum lapathifolium		C
False Solomon's seal	Maianthemum racemosum	false spikenard
Perennial sow-thistle	Sonchus arvensis
Common speedwell	Veronica officinalis	common gypsyweed
Wild strawberry	Fragaria virginiana	Virginia strawberry
Annual sunflower	Helianthus annuus
Rough woodland sunflower	Helianthus divaricatus		C
Swamp sunflower	Helenium autumnale	common sneezeweed	C
Black-eyed susan	Rudbeckia hirta
White sweet-clover	Melilotus alba		C
Yellow sweet-clover	Melilotus officinalis
Common tansy	Tanacetum vulgare
Bull thistle	Cirsium vulgare		C
Thimbleweed	Anemone cylindrica	long-headed anemone	C
Tall thimbleweed	Anemone virginiana	tall anemone
Canada thistle	Cirsium arvense		C
Spotted touch-me-not	Impatiens capensis	spotted jewelweed
Bird's-foot trefoil	Lotus corniculatus	member of the pea family	C
Red trillium	Trillium erectum	purple trillium; wake-robin
Snow trillium	Trillium grandiflorum	large white trillium	C
Twinleaf	Jeffersonia diphylla
Yellow violet	Viola pubescens
Swamp vervain	Verbena hastata
Small-leaved watercress	Nasturtium microphyllum
Hairy willowherb	Epilobium hirsutum
Common yarrow	Achillea millefolium	a fragrant herb	C
Grasses (7 species)
Timothy grass	Phleum pratense
Green foxtail	Setaria viridis	foxtail millet, pigeon grass
Red top grass	Agrostis sp,	bentgrass
Witchgrass	Panicum capillare	panic grass. hair grass, tickle grass, tumble grass
Smooth crab grass	Digitaria ischaemum
Kalm's brome	Bromus kalmii	prairie bromegrass, wild chess
Smooth brome	Bromus inermis	brome grass
Mushrooms and fungi (28 species)
Fairy butter	Dacrymyces palmatus	one of the jelly fungi	C
Common morel	Morchella esculenta
Shaggy mane	Coprinus comatus
Mica cap	Coprinus micaceus
Daedaleopsis	Daedaleopsis confragosa	a bracket fungus
Giant puffball	Calvatia gigantea		C
Winter mushroom	Flammulina velutipes
Club-footed clitocybe	Clitocybe clavipes		C
Comb tooth fungus	Hericium americanum	Hericium coralloides, coral hydnum	C
Cedar-apple rust	Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae
Tar spot fungus	Rhytisma acinerum	found on Norway maples
and (see footnote) at Ferris Park, 02 October 2011
Schizophyllum	Schizophyllum commune	world's most widely-distributed mushroom
Deadly galerina	Galerina autumnalis
Wolf's-milk slime	Lycogala epidendron	toothpaste slime
Tree ear fungus	Auricularia auricula	ear fungus
Black witches' butter	Exidia glandulosa
Polypore	Polyporus mori
Cortinarius	Cortinarius alboviolaceous
Hen of the Woods	Grifola frondosa
Hebeloma	Hebeloma crustuliniforme
Honey mushroom	Armillariella mellea group
Turkey tail	Trametes versicolor	a bracelet fungus
Purple-toothed polyphore	Trichaptum biforme
Birch polypore	Piptoporus betulinus	razor-strop fungus, a bracelet fungus
Soapy tricholoma	Tricholoma saponaceum
Hypoxylon	Hypoxylon fragiforme
Phlebia	Phlebia radiata	a crust fungus on dead wood
Dead man's fingers	Xylaria polymorpha

English	Latin	Notes / Alternative Names	List
Tag alder	Alnus incana rugosa	speckled alder, grey alder, hoary alder
Black ash	Fraxinus nigra
Mountain ash	Sorbus aucuparia
White ash	Fraxinus americana
Red ash	Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Common prickly-ash	Zanthoxylum americanum	spiny shrub
Quaking aspen	Populus tremuloides	trembling aspen	C
Bigtooth aspen	Populus grandidentata	largetooth aspen	C
Japanese barberry	Berberis thunbergii	common barberry
American basswood	Tilia americana	a linden	C
American beech	Fagus grandifolia
Paper birch	Betula papyrifera	canoe birch, white birch	C
Climbing bittersweet	Celastrus scandens
American bladdernut	Staphylea trifolia		C
Butternut	Juglans cinerea	white walnut
Northern catalpa	Catalpa speciosa
Western redcedar	Juniperus virginiana		C
Northern white cedar	Thuja occidentalis		C
Eastern cottonwood	Populus deltoides	a poplar
Alternate-leaf dogwood	Cornus alternifolia	pagoda dogwood
Red-osier dogwood	Cornus stolonifera		C
American elder	Sambucus canadensis		C
American elm	Ulmus americana		C
Chinese elm	Ulmus parviflora
Slippery elm	Ulmus rubra		C
Ginkgo	Ginkgo biloba	oriental ornamental import
Eastern hemlock	Tsuga canadensis		C
Bitternut hickory	Carya cordiformis	swamp hickory
Shagback hickory	Carya ovata		C
Hobblebush	Viburnum alnifolium	clusters of small fruits on red stems	C
Fly honeysuckle	Lonicera canadensis		C
Ironwood	Ostrya virginiana	eastern hophornbeam
Common juniper	Juniperus communis	dwarf juniper	C
Common lilac	Syringa vulgaris
Black locust	Robinia pseudoacacia
Norway maple	Acer platanoides
Silver maple	Acer saccharinum		C
Sugar maple	Acer saccharum		C
Manitoba maple	Acer negundo	boxelder, box-elder, ashleaf maple
Bur oak	Quercus macrocarpa		C
Chinquapin oak	Quercus muehlenbergii	chinkapin oak, yellow chestnut oak
Northern red oak	Quercus rubra		C
Red pine	Pinus resinosa
Eastern white pine	Pinus stroba		C
Balsam poplar	Populus balsamifera
Smokebush	Cotinus coggygria
Blue spruce	Picea pungens	introduced, ornamental species
White spruce	Picea glauca		C
Staghorn sumac	Rus typhina		C
Black walnut	Juglans nigra
Weeping willow	Salix babylonica	import from China, popular worldwide

English	Latin	Notes / Alternative Names	List
Mammals
Little brown bat	Myotis lucifugus
Eastern small-footed bat	Myotis leibii		C
Black bear	Ursus americanus
Beaver	Castor canadensis		C
Porcupine	Erethizon dorsatum
Striped skunk	Mephitis mephitis
Eastern chipmunk	Tamias striatus		C
Coyote	Canis latrans	most often detected by its scat
White-tailed deer	Odocoileus virginianus		C
Ermine	Mustela erminea	short-tailed weasel
River otter	Lontra canadensis		C
Mink	Mustela vison
Red fox	Vulpes vulpes		C
Eastern cottontail rabbit	Sylvilagus floridanus		C
Groundhog	Marmota monax	woodchuck
Deer mouse	Peromyscus maniculatus
Short-tailed shrew	Blarina brevicauda
Muskrat	Ondatra zibethicus
Raccoon	Procyon lotor
Grey squirrel	Sciurus carolinensis
Red squirrel	Tamiasciurus hudsonicus
Meadow vole	Microtus pennsylvanicus	field mouse
Reptiles and Amphibians
Common garter snake	Thamnophis sirtalis
Milk snake	Lampropeltis triangulum		C
Northern water snake	Nerodia sipedon		C
Midland chorus frog	Pseudacris triseriata
Northern spring peeper	Pseudacris crucifer	Hyla crucifer	C
Northern leopard frog	Rana pipiens	(green & brown* forms, *cf. pickerel frog)
Wood frog	Rana sylvatica
Green frog	Rana clamitans
Common toad	Bufo woodhousei
Midland painted turtle	Chrysemis picta		C
Snapping turtle	Chelydra serpentina
Blanding's turtle	Emydoidea blandingii	seen in 2005
Blue-spotted salamander	Ambystoma laterale		C
Eastern red-backed salamander	Plethodon cinereus
Fish
Carp	Cyprinus carpio
Insects
Butterflies
European cabbage butterfly	Pieris rapne
Wood nymph	Cercyonis pegala
Monarch butterfly	Danaus plexippus
Mourning cloak	Nymphalis antiopa
White admiral	Limenitis arthemis arthemis
Alfalfa butterfly	Colias eurytheme	orange sulphur
Clouded sulphur butterfly	Colias philodice
American copper	Lycaena phlaeas
Silver-spotted skipper	Epargyreus clarus
Giant swallowtail	Papilio crespontes
Canadian tiger swallowtail	Papilio canadensis
Miscellaneous
Black-winged damselfly	Agrion maculatum	Calopteryx maculata
Band-winged meadowhawk dragonfly	Sympetrum semicinctum		C
Honeybee	Apis mellifera
Yellowjacket wasp	Vespula maculifrons
Eastern boxelder bug	Boisea trivittata
Multicoloured Asian ladybeetle	Harmonia axyridis	ladybug, variable. e.g., orange with 16 spots
June beetle	Phyllophaga fervida	May beetle
American tent caterpillar	Malacosoma americana		C
Woolly bear caterpillar	Isia isabella	Isabella tiger moth
Common house centipede	Scutigera coleoptrata
Millipede	Narceus, sp.
Woodlouse	Porcellio laevis	"pillbug"
Silverfish	Lespisma saccharina (Linnaeus)	"carpet shark"
Dobson fly	Corydalis cornutus		C
Pennsylvania firefly	Photuris pennsylvanica		C
Black carpenter ant	Camponotus pennsylvanicus
European mantis	Mantis religiosa
Carolina grasshopper	Dissosteira carolina	road duster grasshopper
Gall fly	Eurosta solidaginis	freeze-tolerant larval galls on goldenrod
Deer fly	Chrysops, sp.
Mosquito	Culex, sp.
Molluscs
Freshwater mussel	genus Unionidae	river mussels	C
Crustaceans
Eastern crayfish	Cambarus bartonii		C

English	Latin	French	Alternative Names
Double-crested Cormorant	Phalacrocorax auritus	Cormoran à aigrettes
Great Blue Heron	Ardea herodias	Grand héron
Canada Goose	Branta canadensis	Bernache canadienne
Mallard	Anas platyrhynchos	Canard colvert	Canard malard
Common Goldeneye	Bucephala clangula	Garrot à oeil d'or	Garrot commun
Turkey Vulture	Cathartes aura	Urubu à tête rouge	Vautour à tête rouge
Osprey 1999-2008	Pandion haliaetus	L'aigle pêcheur	Balbuzard
Bald Eagle	Haliaeetus leucocephalus	L'aigle à tête blanche
American Kestrel	Falco sparverius	Crécerelle américaine	Sparrow hawk
Ruffed Grouse	Bonasa umbellus	Gelinotte huppée
Ring-billed Gull	Larus delawarensis	Goéland à bec cerclé
Feral Pigeon	Columba livia	Pigeon biset	Rock dove; Domestic pigeon
Belted Kingfisher	Ceryle alcyon	Martin-pêcheur	Megaceryle alcyon
Downy Woodpecker	Picoides pubescens	Pic mineur	Dendrocopos pubescens
Hairy Woodpecker 1999-2011	Picoides villosus	Pic chevelu	Dendrocopos villosus
Northern Flicker	Colaptes auratus	Pic flamboyant	Yellow-shafted flicker; Pic doré
Pileated Woodpecker	Dryocopus pileatus	Grand pic
Eastern Wood-Pewee	Contopus virens	Pioui de l'Est	Eastern pewee
Eastern Phoebe	Sayornis phoebe	Moucherolle phébi
Great Crested Flycatcher	Myiarchus crinitus	Tyran huppé	Moucherolle huppé
Eastern Kingbird	Tyrannus tyrannus	Tyran tritri
Cedar Waxwing 1999-2011	Bombycilla cedrorum	Jaseur des cèdres
Grey Catbird	Dumetella carolinensis	Moqueur chat	Moqueur polyglotte
American Robin	Turdus migratorius	Merle d'Amérique	Merle américain
Black-capped Chickadee	Parus atricapillus	Mésange à tête noire
White-breasted Nuthatch 1999-2011	Sitta carolinensis	Sittelle à poitrine blanche
Red-eyed Vireo	Vireo olivaceus	Viréo aux yeux rouges
Common Grackle	Quiscalus quiscula	Mainate bronzé	Bronzed grackle
American Goldfinch	Carduelis tristis	Chardonneret jaune	Spinus tristis
European Starling	Sturnus vulgaris	Étourneau sansonnet
Blue Jay 1999-2007	Cyanocitta cristata	Geai bleu
American Crow	Corvus brachyrhynchos	Corneille américaine	Common crow

REPRESENTATIVE FLORA AND FAUNA OF SEYMOUR TOWNSHIP, NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY, SOUTHEASTERN ONTARIO

Preliminary bird list for Crowe Bridge Conservation Area

REPRESENTATIVE FLORA AND FAUNA OF SEYMOUR TOWNSHIP,
NORTHUMBERLAND COUNTY, SOUTHEASTERN ONTARIO